One of the first places at which Christopher Columbus landed during his epic voyages of the 1490s was the island of Hispaniola. The island was then known as Santo Domingo, and is now divided between the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Haiti comprises the forested mountainous western end of the island. The official languages are French and Creole. English is spoken in tourist areas.
Haiti is an impoverished country and one of the world’s poorest and least developed. More than 80% of Haitians live below the poverty line. The January 12, 2010 earthquake has left this poor country devastated, leaving thousands of people homeless.